Which type of training often includes regular time spent at a college?

• Induction training
• Apprenticeships
• Work shadowing
• e-learning courses

Which type of communication travels across a single level of hierarchy?

• Downwards
• Upwards
• Horizontal
• Parallel

Why might a layer of management be removed from a hierarchy?

• To decrease spans of control
• To improve pay and conditions
• To reduce staff costs
• To change the hierarchy from flat to tall

Which style of management gives workers freedom to influence some decisions?

• Democratic
• Pragmatic
• Systematic
• Autocratic

Which of the following is an advantage of a decentralised management structure?

• Specialist management skills are used throughout the business
• There is a clear chain of command
• Improved response to changes in local market conditions
• Decisions are made by a few senior managers

What is the term for the process of reducing the size of a workforce due to economic reasons or organisational changes?

• Promotion
• Recruitment
• Redundancy
• Training

Which of the following is an advantage of a centralised management structure?

• All staff feel empowered to make decisions
• There is a clear chain of command
• Rapid response to changes in local market conditions
• Improved motivation amongst remote workers

What shape is a typical business heirarchy diagram?

• Pyramid
• Diamond
• Star
• Circle

Which of the following is an appropriate way of advertising an internal vacancy?

• Social media
• Newspaper advert
• Memo on a notice board
• Through a recruitment agency

In a business heirarchy, who is responsible for establishing short-term targets to achieve the long-term plans set by directors?

• The managing director
• Operatives
• Shareholders
• Middle-management